Practice doesn't always help
With blatant disregard for the public benefits of motivational idioms, researchers have concluded that practice does not, necessarily, make perfect. A study of violinists found that merely good players practised as much as, if not more than, better players, leaving other factors such as quality of tuition, learning skills and perhaps natural talent to account for the difference.
近来，一些研讨人员公开无视游刃有余的普世道理，得出结论说：熟纷歧定能生巧。一项对小提琴演奏者的研讨发现，假如不考虑教学质量、学习技巧和天分等要素的差异，水平过得去的演奏者和出色的演奏者操练的时刻相同多，乃至或许更多。
The work is the latest blow to the 10,000-hour rule, which means that enough practice will make an expert of anyone.
这一研讨结果是对"一万小时规律"的最新应战。该规律的意思是只需操练得足够多，任何人都可以成为专家。
Brooke Macnamara, a psychologist at Case Western Reserve University in Cleveland, Ohio, believes practice is less of a driver.
美国俄亥俄州克利夫兰凯斯西储大学的心理学家布鲁克·麦克纳马拉以为，操练的效果并没有那么大。
"once you get to the highly skilled groups, practice stops accounting for the difference. Everyone has practised a lot and other factors are at play in determining who goes on to that super-elite level," she said. "The factors depend on the skill being learned: in chess it could be intelligence or working memory, in sport it may be how efficiently a person uses oxygen. To complicate matters further, one factor can drive another. A child who enjoys playing the violin, for example, may be happy to practise and be focused on the task because they do not see it as a chore."
她说："一旦你到达了较高的水平，操练带来的不同就消失了。每个人都进行了很多操练，能否到达精英水平就开端取决于其他要素了。这些要素根据学习的技术不同而发作改动：假如学的是国际象棋，决定要素或许是智力或工作记忆；假如学的是运动，决定要素或许是一个人使用氧气的功率。还有更杂乱的状况是，有时候一个要素还会效果于另一个要素。举例而言，一个喜爱拉小提琴的孩子或许比较乐意操练，注意力也比较会集，由于他们不把练琴当作苦差。"
本文来历：中国日报 责任编辑：杨卉_NQ4978
